Response of the lower atmosphere to intense geomagnetic storms

In this short paper we examine the possible connection between atmospheric parameters measured at low and middle altitudes and geomagnetic storms occurred in 2000 and 2003. For that, from a chain of stations located near the meridian 60°W we compare the storm time values of temperature and wind speed with their standard deviation 2σ obtained from quiet time values. We observed statistically significant variations at several altitudes during the storm recovery phase and after it, both in neutral wind speed and temperature. The results obtained suggest that atmospheric parameters could be affected by geomagnetic storms.     

复合涂层刀具钻削高温合金Inconel 718钻削性能研究

高温合金Inconel 718是一种典型的难加工材料,本文利用DEFORM-3D软件对无涂层、TiC单涂层和TiC/Al₂O₃复合涂层硬质合金刀具进行钻削高温合金Inconel 718的仿真分析,研究在不同钻削条件下复合涂层刀具的切削性能,并进行钻削实验进行验证。结果表明：TiC/Al₂O₃复合涂层刀具能有效降低钻削轴向力和钻削温度,其轴向力降低幅度最高为20%,钻削温度最高降低了35%。通过钻削实验验证了仿真模型的准确性,可为实际钻削加工高温镍基合金Inconel 718中选择涂层种类及钻削参数提供参考。     

高温高应变率耦合对DD407镍基单晶合金的性能影响

为了理解一种新型DD407镍基单晶高温合金在高温高应变率下的力学行为,利用CSS4410型电子万能材料试验机和具有高温高应变率耦合试验功能的Hopkinson压杆系统测试该合金在温度293~1 273K,应变率分别为0.001、1 000及4 000/s条件下的塑性流动特性,并对变形前后的试样进行金相和SEM微观分析。结果表明:DD407合金在高应变率下的使用温度不能超过1 073K;其在压缩情况下的破坏均为剪切破坏;在温度接近或超过某一临界值,该材料的屈服强度和塑性流动应力对温度和应变率才会有很强的敏感性,与常规金属不同,该材料应变时效现象不明显。     

液体火箭发动机铣槽推力室三维壁温分布计算

采用三维有限元模型对液体火箭发动机铣槽推力室进行了壁温分布计算。边界条件按一维经验公式处理。计算中比较了不同冷却剂流量。不同铣槽肋厚及肋数对温度分布的影响，并与一维简化肋模型的计算结果进行了比较，表明三维计算的温度分布规律更加合理。在小冷却剂流量、大肋厚情况下，周向温度分布不均也很严重。设计中对壁温进行三维分析是非常必要的。而对于高密肋，一维简化肋模型具有良好的近似性。     

Water surface temperature estimation from Landsat 7 ETM+ thermal infrared data using the generalized single-channel method: Case study of Embalse del Río Tercero (Córdoba,Argentina)

Monitoring of warm distribution in water is fundamental to understand the performance and functioning of reservoirs and lakes. Surface water temperature is a key parameter in the physics of aquatic systems processes since it is closely related to the energy fluxes through the water–atmosphere interface. Remote sensing applied to water quality studies in inland waterbodies is a powerful tool that can provide additional information difficult to achieve by other means. The combination of good real-time coverage, spatial resolution and free availability of data makes Landsat system a proper alternative. Many papers have developed algorithms to retrieve surface temperature (principally, land surface temperature) from at-sensor and surface emissivity data. The aim of this study is to apply the single-channel generalized method (SCGM) developed by Jiménez-Muñoz and Sobrino (2003) for the estimation of water surface temperature from Landsat 7 ETM+ thermal bands. We consider a constant water emissivity value (0.9885) and we compare the results with radiative transfer classic method (RTM).     

Generation mechanism of the whistler-mode waves in the plasma sheet prior to magnetic reconnection

The whistler-mode waves and electron temperature anisotropy play a key role prior to and during magnetic reconnection. On August 21, 2002, the Cluster spacecrafts encountered a quasi-collisionless magnetic reconnection event when they crossed the plasma sheet. Prior to the southward turning of magnetospheric magnetic field and high speed ion flow, the whistler-mode waves and positive electron temperature anisotropy are simultaneously observed. Theoretic analysis shows that the electrons with positive temperature anisotropy can excite the whistler-mode waves via cyclotron resonances. Using the data of particles and magnetic field, we estimated the whistler-mode wave growth rate and the ratio of whistler-mode growth rate to wave frequency. They are 0.0016f_ce (Electron cyclotron frequency) and 0.0086f_ce, respectively. Therefore the whistler-mode waves can grow quickly in the current sheet. The combined observations of energetic electron beams and waves show that after the southward turning of magnetic field, energetic electrons in the reconnection process are accelerated by the whistler-mode waves.     

射流预冷试验防水温度传感器设计

为解决射流预冷试验中遇到的常规带罩温度探针接点遇水问题,基于气液两相流环境设计了1种防水温度传感器。通过设计滤水和隔热结构,避免了水对测量结果的干扰。现场校准试验结果表明:在100～450℃,该传感器的测温值比常规带罩温度探针的低1.0%～1.1%。射流预冷试验结果表明:防水传感器在一定水气比下是有效的;与常规带罩温度探针反向测试的截面平均总温估算值对比表明,在来流343.3℃、水气比5.5%的工况下,在雾化充分的测量截面,剔除个别遇水测点,防水传感器测温值明显比热电偶的高,差值最高达11.8%。,说明防水传感器可以有效减小传热误差。     

CUTTING TEMPERATURE OF CBN TOOLS WHEN MACHINING STEEL OF MEDIUM HARDNESS

ＣＵＴＴＩＮＧＴＥＭＰＥＲＡＴＵＲＥＯＦＣＢＮＴＯＯＬＳＷＨＥＮＭＡＣＨＩＮＩＮＧＳＴＥＥＬＯＦＭＥＤＩＵＭＨＡＲＤＮＥＳＳＣｈｅｎＷｕｙｉ１（陈五一），ＤａｖｉｄＫ．Ａｓｐｉｎｗａｌ２，ＨａｎＳｈｕｗｅｎ３（韩书文）１ＢｅｉｊｉｎｇＵｎｉｖｅｒｓｉ...     

燃烧室燃烧与排放特性试验与数值计算

为了探寻燃烧室进口空气温度、压力以及油气比对点熄火边界、温升、燃烧效率以及主要排放物摩尔分数的影响规律， 对航空发动机燃烧室在多工况下的点熄火特性、出口温度分布与主要排放物摩尔分数进行了试验测试。分别采用正癸烷的简化 反应机理与C 12 H 23 燃料的单步反应机理，对该燃烧室火焰筒内流场结构、温度场、中间组分与主要排放物摩尔分数分布特性进行了 数值计算，并与相应试验数据进行了对比分析。结果表明：随着燃烧室进口空气温度、压力以及油气比的提高，燃烧室燃烧效率、 温升、出口平均温度与NO X 摩尔分数逐渐提高，而UHC与CO摩尔分数逐渐降低；与采用C 12 H 23 燃料单步反应机理相比，采用正癸 烷的简化反应机理计算得到的火焰筒内流场与温度场分布更为合理，火焰筒出口温度场分布以及主要排放物摩尔分数与相应试 验数据更为接近，计算精度得到较大提高。     

基于DLMS技术粉末烧结参数优化控制系统分析

从激光系统、扫描系统、粉末系统对直接激光金属烧结参数进行了分析,数值模拟了金属粉末烧结温度场,并结合γ'相析出强化相强化机理分析,建立了烧结参数优化控制模型,为烧结参数优化提供了理论基础;在此基础上提出了实时性烧结参数优化控制系统的雏形.